I want to check if they have arisen from the same ancestor, which parts are responsible for which activity, and understand what are the differences according to their structure. What are the terms related to studying proteins and what are the tools I can use that will make it easy to compare those? As a beginner which resources will help me to grow interested and develop understanding? I am a beginner, please suggest me easy one. Thanks a lot in advance.
Sadly I can only help you with some of your questions. Regarding the information about your proteins, you could look for them in uniprot ( https://www.uniprot.org/ ), here you will be able to see their structure and domains with their functionalities. Each entry can also show you their parent and descendant proteins.
Another approach is to simply blast them (blastp) and then you'll see the most related proteins, the domains present in you protein and by clicking "distance tree of results" under "Other reports", you should be able to see a tree and see the phylogenetic relationships between your protein and those deposited in the database.
If you want a more direct comparison between the two proteins you can align them and other related proteins using for example MEGA (there are lots of tools for this) and then perform a phylogenetic tree with any tool that allows this (FastTree, IQtree, MEGA, etc.)
If you're looking for a 3-D visualisation, you can download the structure obtained by any crystallographic method (e.g.: X-Ray laser diffraction) of the proteins and use the Swisspdb viewer (https://spdbv.unil.ch/), this tool allows you to everlap two different proteins, select secondary structures and so on. Sometimes, dependendin on how the structure was obtained, you can observe where the substrate could bind in the active site and the residues that coordinate this interaction.
Hope to have helped at least in selecting some tools,
Thank you so much. You covered everything I expected.
No problem, I'm glad to help :)